Learning Objectives:

Upon conclusion of this program, participants should be able to:

1)      Summarize current recommendations for preoperative management of patients with pheochromocytoma and assess the evidence supporting them.

2)      Compare the evidence behind the different methods of preoperative blood pressure control for patients with pheochromocytoma.

3)      Assess the risk of postoperative complications in relation to preoperative management of patients with pheochromocytoma.