Learning Objectives:

1) Review the relationship between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, surgical outcomes and mortality, with specific reference to the potential underlying mechanisms

2) Summarize selected studies comparing moderate exercise versus high-intensity interval training, as well as the added effectiveness (if any) of extreme exercise on mortality as depicted by the reverse J-shaped cure

3) Compare the ineidcations and contraindications of 'exercise' versus 'medical therapy' highlighting otential 'at risk' activities for individuals with known or suspected cardiovascular disease, including snow removal, racquet sports and deer hunting

*Credit (if available) is announced on the Group Home page. All sessions are reviewed individually and credit is pulled for any that does not meet the criteria

This program is supported in part by an educational grant from the following companies in accordance with ACCME Standards - None.